CIA: Handbook of International Economic Statistics, 1997  
    Table 27  
    Russia Selected Economic Indicators 
    
      
        | Gross Domestic Product,1993-96a | 
        Percent | 
       
      
        |   | 
        1993 | 
        1994 | 
        1995 | 
        1996 | 
       
      
        | Real growth | 
        -8.7 | 
        -12.6 | 
        -4.0 | 
        -6.0 | 
       
      
        | Per capita real growth | 
        -8.8 | 
        -12.6 | 
        -4.0 | 
        -6.0 | 
       
     
    a Official statistics.  
    
      
        | Labor Force by Sector, 1994-95a | 
        Percent | 
       
      
        |   | 
        1994 | 
        1995 | 
       
      
        | Industry and construction | 
        40.6 | 
        35.4 | 
       
      
        | Agriculture and forestry | 
        13.2 | 
        14.8 | 
       
      
        | Trade and distribution | 
        9.9 | 
        9.7 | 
       
      
        | Transportation and communications | 
        7.7 | 
        7.9 | 
       
      
        | Health, social security, education, culture, and science | 
        17.5 | 
        20.5 | 
       
      
        | Other | 
        11.1 | 
        11.7 | 
       
     
    a Official statistics.  
    
      
        | Industrial Production Growth by Selected Sector, 1993-96a | 
        Percent | 
       
      
        |   | 
        1993 | 
        1994 | 
        1995 | 
        1996 | 
       
      
        | Total Production | 
        -16.2 | 
        -22.8 | 
        -3.0 | 
        -5.0 | 
       
      
        | Electric power | 
        -5.3 | 
        -8.8 | 
        -3.0 | 
        -2.0 | 
       
      
        | Fuel | 
        -15.0 | 
        -11.0 | 
        -2.0 | 
        -4.0 | 
       
      
        | Metallurgy | 
        NA | 
        -14.0 | 
        7.0 | 
        -4.0 | 
       
      
        | Machinery and metalworking | 
        -16.6 | 
        -38.1 | 
        -10.0 | 
        -12.0 | 
       
      
        | Chemicals and petrochemicals | 
        -21.5 | 
        -28.9 | 
        8.0 | 
        -12.0 | 
       
      
        | Light industry | 
        -23.4 | 
        -47.3 | 
        -31.0 | 
        -32.0 | 
       
      
        | Food processing | 
        -9.2 | 
        -21.9 | 
        -9.0 | 
        -7.0 | 
       
     
    a Official statistics  
    
      
        | Agricultural Production by Selected Commodity, 1993-96a | 
        Percent | 
       
      
        | Production growth (percent) | 
        -2.0 | 
        -9.0 | 
        -8.0 | 
        -7.0 | 
       
      
        | Total grainsb | 
        99,100 | 
        81,282 | 
        63,400 | 
        69,300 | 
       
      
        | Vegetables | 
        9,800 | 
        9,613 | 
        11,200 | 
        10,700 | 
       
      
        | Fruit, berries, and grapes | 
        2,726 | 
        2,081 | 
        2,163 | 
        3,036 | 
       
      
        | Sugar beets | 
        25,500 | 
        13,900 | 
        19,100 | 
        16,100 | 
       
      
        | Sunflower seeds | 
        2,800 | 
        2,553 | 
        4,200 | 
        2,800 | 
       
      
        | Soybeans | 
        497 | 
        421 | 
        400 | 
        NA | 
       
      
        | Fiber flax | 
        58 | 
        54 | 
        68.7 | 
        59.0 | 
       
      
        | Meatc | 
        7,513 | 
        6,803 | 
        5,796 | 
        5,315 | 
       
      
        | Milk | 
        45,500 | 
        42,811 | 
        39,300 | 
        35,700 | 
       
      
        | Eggs (billion) | 
        37.4 | 
        40.3 | 
        33.7 | 
        31.5 | 
       
      
        | Wool | 
        158 | 
        124 | 
        94.1 | 
        NA | 
       
     
    a Official statistics.  
    b Clean weigh includes wheat, rye, barley, corn, oats, millet, buckwheat, rice,
    pulses, and miscellaneous grains.  
    c Includes beef, veal, pork, mutton, kid, poultry, offals, and slaughter fat.  
    
      
        | Foreign Trade, 1994-96 | 
        Billion US $ | 
       
      
        |   | 
        1994a | 
        1995b | 
        1996 | 
       
      
        | Exports | 
        66.2 | 
        76.8 | 
        88.3 | 
       
      
        | Imports | 
        50.5 | 
        55.3 | 
        59.8 | 
       
      
        | Balance | 
        15.7 | 
        21.5 | 
        28.5 | 
       
     
    a Official statistics, includes trade with other former Soviet republics,
    and official estimates of unregistered "shuttle" trade.  
    b Official statistics, adjusted with official estimates of unregistered
    "shuttle" trade for first three quarters.  
    
      
        | Selected Transportation Indicators, 1993-96a | 
        Million 
        metric tons | 
       
      
        |   | 
        1993 | 
        1993 | 
        1995 | 
        1996 | 
       
      
        | Rail freight | 
        1,335 | 
        1,335 | 
        1,025 | 
        908 | 
       
      
        | Truck freight | 
        2,503b | 
        1,727b | 
        1,416b | 
        1,002b | 
       
     
    a Official statistics.  
    b Includes official estimates of private transportation activities.  
    
      
        | Selected Energy Indicators, 1994-96 | 
       
      
        |   | 
        1994 | 
        1995 | 
        1996 | 
       
      
        | Productionb | 
       
      
        | Oil (thousand b/d) | 
        6,315 | 
        6,135 | 
        6,010 | 
       
      
        | Natural gas (billion m3) | 
        606 | 
        595 | 
        601 | 
       
      
        | Coal (million metric tons) | 
        255 | 
        266 | 
        270 | 
       
      
        | Electricity (billion kWh) | 
        876 | 
        862 | 
        847 | 
       
      
        | Consumption by fuel share:b (percent) | 
       
      
        | Oil | 
        22 | 
        21 | 
        27 | 
       
      
        | Natural gas | 
        50 | 
        52 | 
        44 | 
       
      
        | Coal | 
        17 | 
        17 | 
        18 | 
       
      
        | Otherc | 
        11 | 
        10 | 
        11 | 
       
     
    a Official statistics.  
    b Estimated.  
    c Includes primary electricity and peat.  
    
      
        | Per Capita Consumption of Selected Foods, 1992-95a | 
        Kilograms | 
       
      
        |   | 
        1992 | 
        1993 | 
        1994 | 
        1995 | 
       
      
        | Milk | 
        294.2 | 
        305.1 | 
        304.5 | 
        246.6 | 
       
      
        | Eggs (units) | 
        243.0 | 
        236.0 | 
        210.0 | 
        196.0 | 
       
      
        | Fish | 
        11.5 | 
        11.3 | 
        8.9 | 
        9.0 | 
       
      
        | Sugar | 
        26.4 | 
        29.1 | 
        28.5 | 
        27.5 | 
       
      
        | Vegetable oil | 
        6.8 | 
        7.4 | 
        5.7 | 
        6.4 | 
       
      
        | Potatoes | 
        106.6 | 
        112.3 | 
        112.7 | 
        112.4 | 
       
      
        | Vegetables | 
        78.0 | 
        76.3 | 
        70.6 | 
        83.3 | 
       
      
        | Bread | 
        103.9 | 
        107.4 | 
        101.0 | 
        100.7 | 
       
     
    a Official statistics.  
    b Includes offals and slaughter fat.  
    
      
        | Measure of Durable Consumer Goods Availability, 1992-95a | 
        Units per 100 families | 
       
      
        |   | 
        1992 | 
        1993 | 
        1994 | 
        1995 | 
       
      
        | Televisions | 
        114 | 
        115 | 
        116 | 
        116 | 
       
      
        | Watches, clocks | 
        602 | 
        614 | 
        616 | 
        618 | 
       
      
        | Refrigerators, freezers | 
        95 | 
        95 | 
        95 | 
        95 | 
       
      
        | Washing machines | 
        79 | 
        80 | 
        81 | 
        81 | 
       
      
        | Vacuum cleaners | 
        52 | 
        53 | 
        53 | 
        53 | 
       
      
        | Cameras | 
        37 | 
        37 | 
        37 | 
        37 | 
       
      
        | Passenger cars | 
        21 | 
        23 | 
        26 | 
        28 | 
       
     
    a Official statistics.   |